Other sectors
| Sector | Ownership Limit | Entry Route | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
Power |
100% |
Automatic |
Includes generation (except nuclear power where FDI is prohibited), transmission and distribution of power |
Telecom |
|
|
|
Basic, cellular and value-added services |
74% |
|
|
ISP with gateways |
74% |
FIPB beyond 49% |
|
ISP without gateways |
100% |
FIPB beyond 49% |
|
Email, Voice mail |
100% |
FIPB beyond 49% |
Subject to licensing and security requirements; FDI cap of 74% for global mobile personal communications by satellite |
Radio Paging |
74% |
FIPB beyond 49% |
|
End-to-End Bandwidth |
74% |
FIPB beyond 49% |
|
Infrastructure Providers providing Dark Fibre |
100% |
FIPB beyond 49% |
|
Telecom Manufacturing |
100% |
Automatic |
|
Roads |
100% |
Automatic |
Includes construction and maintenance of roads, highways, bridges and tunnels |
Ports |
100% |
Automatic |
Applies to construction and maintenance of ports |
Civil Aviation |
|
|
|
Airports |
100% |
FIPB beyond 74% |
100% FDI under automatic route is permissible for greenfield airports. |
Domestic Airlines |
49% |
Automatic |
Subject to no direct or indirect equity participation by foreign airlines. FDI up to 100% allowed for NRIs |
Petroleum & Natural Gas |
|
|
|
Petroleum refinery |
100% |
Automatic |
|
Petroleum product pipelines |
100% |
Automatic |
|
Petroleum product marketing |
100% |
Automatic |
Subject to divestment of 26% equity in favour of the Indian partner / public within 5 years. |
Petroleum refining-PSUs |
26% |
FIPB |
|
Others |
|
|
|
Mass Rapid Transport System |
100% |
Automatic |
Includes associated real estate development in all metropolitan cities |
EOU/SEZ/Industrial park construction |
100% |
Automatic |
Subject to SEZ Act 2005 and Foreign Trade Policy. |
Satellite establishment and operation |
74% |
FIPB |
|
| Sector | Ownership Limit | Entry Route | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
Banking |
|
|
|
Indian Private Banks |
74% |
Automatic |
Foreign banks can take an equity stake of more than 5% (up to 74%) only in the private sector banks which have been identified by the RBI for restructuring |
PSU Banks |
20% |
|
Subject to compliance with RBI guidelines |
NBFCs |
100% |
Automatic |
Includes 19 specified activities; Subject to minimum capitalisation norms and compliance with RBI guidelines |
Insurance |
26% |
Automatic |
Includes both Life and Non-Life Insurance; Subject to licence from Insurance Regulatory & Development Authority |
Real estate and construction |
|
|
Subject to minimum land area of 10 hectare for serviced housing plot and built-up area of 50,000 sq. mts. for construction development projects. Also minimum capitalisation and completion norms |
Townships |
100% |
Automatic |
|
Housing |
100% |
Automatic |
|
Construction – Development Projects |
100% |
Automatic |
|
Build-up Infrastructure |
100% |
Automatic |
|
Trading |
|
|
|
Retail Trade |
51% |
FIPB |
Only for single brand products |
Trading (Export House, Super Trading House, Star Trading House) |
51% |
Automatic |
|
Trading (Export, Cash and Carry Wholesale) |
100% |
FIPB |
|
Tourism |
|
|
|
Hotels, restaurants, beach resorts |
100% |
Automatic |
Includes facilities for providing accommodation and food services |
Tour and travel agencies |
100% |
Automatic |
|
Broadcasting |
|
|
|
TV software production |
100% |
|
Subject to maximum foreign equity up to 49% including FDI/NRI/FII |
Hardware facilities - (Uplinking, HUB, etc.) |
49% |
|
Subject to maximum foreign equity up to 49% including FDI/NRI/FII; FDI in news and current affairs channels which uplink from India is capped at 26% |
Cable network |
49% |
|
Subject to maximum foreign equity up to 49% including FDI/NRI/FII |
DTH |
20% |
|
Subject to maximum foreign equity upto 49% including FDI/NRI/FII. FDI not to exceed 20% |
Terrestrial Broadcast FM |
20% |
|
Subject to licensee being a company registered in India under the Companies Act, 1956 |
Terrestrial TV Broadcast |
Not Permitted |
|
|
Print Media |
|
|
|
Scientific/Technical journals |
100% |
|
|
Other non-news/non-current affairs/specialty publications |
74% |
|
|
Newspapers, Periodicals dealing with news and current affairs |
26% |
|
|
Other Services |
|
|
|
Advertising and Film |
100% |
Automatic |
Includes all film related activities |
Courier services |
100% |
FIPB |
Includes all postal services except the distribution of letters |
Defence and Strategic Industries |
26% |
FIPB |
Subject to security and licensing requirement; to be sold primarily to the Ministry of Defence |
R&D activities |
100% |
Automatic |
|
|
|
|
|
| Sector | Ownership Limit | Entry Route | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
Metals |
100% |
Automatic |
Includes manufacture of Steel, Aluminium etc. |
Textiles and Garments |
100% |
Automatic |
|
Electronics Hardware |
100% |
Automatic |
|
Chemicals and Plastics |
100% |
Automatic |
Includes plastics |
Automobiles |
100% |
Automatic |
Includes Two -wheelers, Cars and Commercial Vehicles |
Auto Components |
100% |
Automatic |
|
Gems and Jewellery |
100% |
Automatic |
|
Food and Agro Products |
|
|
|
Food Processing |
100% |
Automatic |
|
Agriculture (including contract farming) |
Not Permitted |
- |
|
Plantations (except Tea) |
Not Permitted |
- |
|
Other Manufacturing |
|
|
|
Items reserved for Small Scale |
24% |
Automatic |
100% FDI permitted through FIPB route subject to undertaking of export obligation of 50% |
| Sector | Ownership Limit | Entry Route | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
Coal and Lignite |
|
|
|
Coal Processing |
100% |
Automatic up to 50% |
|
Captive Coal mining |
100% |
Automatic |
Subject to provision of Coal Mines (Nationalisation) Act 1973. |
Other Mining and Quarrying |
|
|
|
Mineral Ores |
100% |
Automatic |
Including Gold, Silver and other mineral ores |
Diamonds and precious stones |
100% |
Automatic |
|
Atomic Minerals |
74% |
FIPB |
Includes only mining, mineral separation and subsequent value addition |
Oil and Natural Gas Exploration |
100% |
Automatic |
|
| Sector | Ownership Limit | Entry Route | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
Pharma and Biotech |
100% |
Automatic |
FIPB route is needed if industrial licence is required or involves recombinant DNA technology, cell/tissue formulations |
Healthcare |
100% |
Automatic |
|
Information Technology |
100% |
Automatic |
|
